Monitoring and controlling of substation (transformer) using PLC

Abstract

Electrical power system is a technical wonder. Electricity and its accessibility are the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th century. A modern society cannot exist without electricity. Generation, transmission lines and distribution system are the main components of power system. Today's world most of the systems are operate on automation. Because of that the automotive system is most efficient. Automation means use of Programmable Logic controller (PLC) & Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) instead of electromechanical devices. Substation (Transformer) automation using PLC means controlling & monitoring electrical parameter (like Voltage, Current, temperature, oil level) and controlling if any fault occurs (like open circuit, short circuit, overvoltage, oil level, &temperature, etc.) in substation transformer. The fault free operation of transformer gives more impact on economic and safety in power supply to utilities and industrial and domestic consumers. A sudden breakdown/fault in a power transformer will affect unexpected production interruption, down time of equipment’s in industries and the repair/replacement of transformer; it may lead to huge investment and expenses. The insulating oil in a transformer can tell a lot about the actual state of transformer and its longevity. Main concept of our project is to control and monitor substation (transformer) using PLC. Here PLC is a medium between electrical system to take inputs and outputs bits. We can say that the system is one of the most cost effective solutions for improving reliability, increasing utilization, increasing efficiency and costs saving. PLC on the other hand is like the brain of the system, it is possible to control and operate the power system remotely. Task like oil level control, short circuit, open circuit etc.