Soil analysis and stuctural design of pile

Abstract

Pile foundations are often used in the soft soils to support heavy structures such as offshore towers, nuclear power plants, tall buildings, dams and bridges, There are many situations where these structure may go under dynamic loading, for example: earthquake forces, wave forces, wind forces, blasting and unbalanced machine etc. There has been a remarkable increase in the study of pile foundations in the latest twenty years although piles have been used for hundreds of years The purpose of this report is to analyse the soil and design the foundation by using static formulae. From the soil analysis and subsurface exploration, the foundation is recommended for the soil strata. Pile foundation consists of piles that are dug into soil till a layer of stable soil is reached. Pile foundations transfer building load to the bearing ground with the greater bearing capacity. Pile foundations are useful in regions with unstable upper soil that may erode or for large structures, pile foundations are often required to resist lateral loading. Lateral loads come from variety of sources including wind, earthquakes waves and ship impacts. The lateral capacity of pile is usually much smaller than the axial capacity and as a result, group of piles are often installed to increase lateral capacity of the entire foundation system. When vertical or plumb pile groups do not provide sufficient lateral resistance, the pies can be battered in order to mobilise some of the higher axial capacity to resist the lateral load.