Desalination of sea water

Abstract

Water is the basic need of human. The basic need of human is cooking, washing and bathing. 97.5% of the earths water is seawater and theremaining 2.5% is freshwater found in glaciers and Underground. Desalination is a process of removing salts from sea water. In this report desalination of sea water is based on reverse osmosis method.Osmosis is the spontaneous transport of solvent from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution across an ideal semi permeable membrane.If the pressure is increased above the osmotic pressure on the solution side of membrane, the flow is reversed and water flows from the concentrate to the dilute side, this is called reverse osmosis (RO). RO is based on two variables high flux of water and high salt rejection. Reverse osmosis is a method in which external pressure is applied to the concentrated solution which removes the salts from sea water. In this report, sample water of Arabian sea is taken location is murudjanjira near alibaug. Various tests have been performed on sea water before treatment and after treatment. In various season this test were performed. The various tests which are performed are pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Total solids, Total dissolved solids, Salinity and Dissolved oxygen. These tests were performed in various seasons such as monsoon, winter and summer.The different values of various test obtained in different season is a comparison of desalinating of sea water before treatment and after treatment. The different values of various test is given in the tabular form and the graph is also plotted. This present study shows the seasonal variation of sea water by passing the sea water through RO membrane. This study will help in various forms to use sea water such as drinking, bathing, clothing, irrigation, etc.