A review on polymer drug conjugate - what, why and how?

Abstract

ABSTRACT: It is well known that polymeric prodrug or polymer-drug conjugate is an effective and fast growing technique for improved use of drugs for therapeutic applications. Polymer conjugated drugs generally exhibit prolonged half-life, higher stability, water solubility, lower immunogenicity and antigenicity and specific targeting to tissues or cells. Polymers are used as carriers in polymeric prodrugs/macromolecular prodrugs for the delivery of drugs, proteins, targeting moieties, and imaging agents. The potential of the polymer-drug conjugates have already been proved by success of many products in the market for the treatment of different diseases. The polymeric pro-drug can be regarded as drug delivery systems that exhibit their therapeutic activities by means of releasing smaller therapeutic drug molecules from a polymer chain molecule for a prolonged period of time which results in enhanced pharmacokinetic behaviour by increasing the t 1/2 , bioavailability, and hence prolonged pharmacological action. This review deals with the Rational for design of polymer-drug conjugates (PDC), requirements for selection of drug candidate for polymeric prodrug, requirements for selecting polymers as candidate drug carriers, classification of polymers, design and synthesis of polymeric prodrugs and strategies to enhance the reactivity of polymer and the drug by incorporation of spacers.