Abstract:
The military use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has grown because
of their ability to operate in dangerous locations while keeping their human
operators at a safe distance. The larger UAVs also provide a reliable long
duration, cost effective, platform for reconnaissance as well as weapons. They
have grown to become an indispensable tool for the military. The question we
posed for our project was whether small UAVs also had utility in military and
commercial/industrial applications. We postulated that smaller UAVs can serve
more tactical operations such as searching a village or a building for enemy
positions. Smaller UAVs, on the order of a couple feet to a meter in size, should
be able to handle military tactical operations as well as the emerging
commercial and industrial applications and our project is attempting to validate
this assumption.
To validate this assumption, my team considered many different UAV
designs before we settled on creating a Quadcopter. The payload of our
Quadcopter design includes a camera and telemetry that will allow us to watch
live video from the Quadcopter on a laptop that is located up to 2 miles away.
We are presently in the final stages of building the Quadcopter but we still
improving our design to allow us to have longer flight times and better
maneuverability. We are currently experimenting with new software so that we
will not have to control the Quadcopter with an RC controller but will instead
operate by sending commands from a remote laptop.
Our project has verified that it is possible to build a small-scale
Quadcopter that could be used for both military and commercial use. Our most
significant problems to date have been an ambitious development schedule
coupled with very limited funds. These constraints have forced compromise in
components selected and methods used for prototype development. Our team’s
Quadcopter prototype is a very limited version of what could be created in a
production facility using more advanced technology. Currently our Quadcopter
has achieved only tethered flight because it cannot maintain a stable position
when flying. Our next step is to fix the software so that we can achieve
controllable untethered flight. We are also working on integrating our own
Graphical User Interface (GUI) which will allow us to have direct control over
all systems. Although there are many enhancements that we could do to the
design, we have proven that it is possible to produce a small scale UAV that
performs functions of interest to the military as well as commercial/industrial
applications.